We usually imagine penguins in Antarctica, but the adorably named Little Penguin can be found on Australia's Middle Island. The tiny birds come up onto the island to build burrows to lay their eggs.
In a single hour in January, 2000, a study estimated that 502 penguins came ashore, but by 2005 the population was down to only 10 penguins. Researchers determined that a combination of tourism and wild foxes were contributing to the decline.